Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm: A Bursting Threat.

A 55-year-old man submitted to emergency surgery due to cardiac perforation by stabbing. One month later, he presented with chest pain, and a transthoracic echocardiogram revealed moderate-severe mitral regurgitation. After 6 months, a new transthoracic echocardiogram showed a left ventricular pseudoaneurysm, being later submitted to pseudoaneurysm exclusion and mitral valvuloplasty.

De novo assembly of the complete mitochondrial genome of Mycetophylax simplex Emery, 1888 through organelle targeting revels no substantial expansion of gene spacers, but rather some slightly shorter genes.

Mitochondria play a key role in cell biology and have their own genome, residing in a highly oxidative environment that induces faster changes than the nuclear genome. Because of this, mitochondrial markers have been exploited to reconstruct phylogenetic and phylogeographic relationships in studies of adaptation and molecular evolution. In this study, we determined the complete mitogenome of the fungus-farming ant Mycetophylax simplex (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) and conducted a comparative analysis among 29 myrmicine ant mitogenomes. Mycetophylax simplex is an endemic ant that inhabits sand dunes along the southern Atlantic coast. Specifically, the species occur in the ecosystem known as "restinga", within the Atlantic Forest biome. Due to habitat degradation, land use and decline of restinga habitats, the species is considered locally extinct in extremely urban beaches and is listed as vulnerable on the Brazilian Red List (ICMBio). We employed a mitochondrion-targeting approach to obtain the complete mitogenome through high-throughput DNA sequencing technology. This method allowed us to determine the mitogenome with high performance, coverage and low cost. The circular mitogenome has a length of 16,367 base pairs enclosing 37 genes (13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs and 2 rRNAs) along with one control region (CR). All the protein-coding genes begin with a typical ATN codon and end with the canonical stop codons. All tRNAs formed the fully paired acceptor stems and fold into the typical cloverleaf-shaped secondary structures. The gene order is consistent with the shared Myrmicinae structure, and the A + T content of the majority strand is 81.51%. Long intergenic spacers were not found but some gene are slightly shorter. The phylogenetic relationships based on concatenated nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the 13 protein-coding genes, using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference methods, indicated that mitogenome sequences were useful in resolving higher-level relationship within Formicidae.

Schistosoma mansoni vaccine candidates identified by unbiased phage display screening in self-cured rhesus macaques.

Schistosomiasis, a challenging neglected tropical disease, affects millions of people worldwide. Developing a prophylactic vaccine against Schistosoma mansoni has been hindered by the parasite's biological complexity. In this study, we utilized the innovative phage-display immunoprecipitation followed by a sequencing approach (PhIP-Seq) to screen the immune response of 10 infected rhesus macaques during self-cure and challenge-resistant phases, identifying vaccine candidates. Our high-throughput S. mansoni synthetic DNA phage-display library encoded 99.6% of 119,747 58-mer peptides, providing comprehensive coverage of the parasite's proteome. Library screening with rhesus macaques' antibodies, from the early phase of establishment of parasite infection, identified significantly enriched epitopes of parasite extracellular proteins known to be expressed in the digestive tract, shifting towards intracellular proteins during the late phase of parasite clearance. Immunization of mice with a selected pool of PhIP-Seq-enriched phage-displayed peptides from MEG proteins, cathepsins B, and asparaginyl endopeptidase significantly reduced worm burden in a vaccination assay. These findings enhance our understanding of parasite-host immune responses and provide promising prospects for developing an effective schistosomiasis vaccine.

Development of a molecular marker for the Pi1 gene based on the association of the SNAP protocol with the touch-up gradient amplification method.

Genetic resistance is the most effective and eco-friendly approach to combat rice blast. The application of resistance genes may be facilitated by the availability of molecular markers that allow marker-assisted selection during the breeding process. The Pi1 gene, considered to be a broad-spectrum resistance gene, might contribute to enhancing resistance to rice blast, but it lacks a suitable marker that can be used. In this study, we investigated nucleotide polymorphism in the Pik locus and combined the SNAP protocol with the touch-up gradient amplification method to develop a SNAP marker. The Pi1 SNAP marker could distinguish Pi1 from Pik alleles, and when used for screening a germplasm bank and an F2 population, it consistently identified germplasms carrying the Pi1 gene. The P1 SNAP marker offers as advantages to involve only the presence/absence analysis of PCR amplicons resolved on an agarose gel.

An Unlikely Cause of Groin Pain: Obturator Externus Tear in a Professional Soccer Player.

Groin pain is a common and complex problem in athletes, especially soccer players, associated with a wide variety of possible injuries in numerous anatomical structures. One of the causes of groin pain is damage to the deep muscles of the hip region, with isolated traumatic injury of the obturator externus muscle rarely described and probably underdiagnosed. This report describes a clinical case of a soccer player who presented with acute hip pain and buttock pain resulting from a rapid change of position in load, associated with pain with active hip external rotation and passive internal rotation. MRI demonstrated the presence of subaponeurotic/myo-aponeurotic obturator externus muscle tear. A conservative treatment was decided, targeting pain reduction and progressing range of motion gain and muscle strengthening of the stabilizing muscles of the pelvis and hip, and subsequently, it led to re-athletisation, with soccer-specific exercises. Return to play was 23 days after injury. This case shows that a high level of suspicion is necessary for the correct diagnosis; treatment is generally conservative and the isolated rupture of the external obturator can be considered relatively benign. However, it has the potential to be associated with a long period of absence from training and games.

Ultrasound-Guided Pulsed Radiofrequency Treatment for Superficial Peroneal Nerve Entrapment in a Professional Handball Player.

Peripheral nerve injury in athletes is rare but deleterious to their performance, entrapment being one of the most frequent causes. Isolated injury to the superficial peroneal nerve (SPN) is rare and often underdiagnosed. The authors reported a clinical case of a 34-year-old handball athlete who presented with neuropathic pain in the inferolateral third of the leg and dorsum of the foot, with three months of evolution, after an ankle sprain, refractory to conservative treatment. After clinical assessment and ultrasound investigation, it was considered that the pain source was likely to be an SPN entrapment. Thus, a diagnostic ultrasound-guided nerve block with 2ml of 2% lidocaine and 3ml of 0.2% ropivacaine was performed, followed by nerve hydrodissection, with a major improvement in the patient's symptoms and functionality for three weeks. Thereafter, a long-lasting alternative was made - pulsed radiofrequency (pRF). There were no complications after the procedure. As a form of neuromodulation, pRF offered pain resolution without tissue damage or painful sequela, after 3, 6, 12, and 24 months of follow-up and complete participation in sports activity, avoiding surgical treatment. With this clinical case, the authors intend to demonstrate the effectiveness of pRF in the resolution of peripheral neuropathy due to entrapment, avoiding more invasive treatment options and, in the case of an athlete, allowing an early return to play. They also intend to corroborate the advantage of using ultrasound in the diagnosis and guide of minimally invasive procedures.

Long non-coding RNAs are essential for Schistosoma mansoni pairing-dependent adult worm homeostasis and fertility.

The trematode parasite Schistosoma mansoni causes schistosomiasis, which affects over 200 million people worldwide. Schistosomes are dioecious, with egg laying depending on the females' obligatory pairing with males. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides with low or no protein-coding potential that have been involved in other species with reproduction, stem cell maintenance, and drug resistance. In S. mansoni, we recently showed that the knockdown of one lncRNA affects the pairing status of these parasites. Here, we re-analyzed public RNA-Seq data from paired and unpaired adult male and female worms and their gonads, obtained from mixed-sex or single-sex cercariae infections, and found thousands of differentially expressed pairing-dependent lncRNAs among the 23 biological samples that were compared. The expression levels of selected lncRNAs were validated by RT-qPCR using an in vitro unpairing model. In addition, the in vitro silencing of three selected lncRNAs showed that knockdown of these pairing-dependent lncRNAs reduced cell proliferation in adult worms and their gonads, and are essential for female vitellaria maintenance, reproduction, and/or egg development. Remarkably, in vivo silencing of each of the three selected lncRNAs significantly reduced worm burden in infected mice by 26 to 35%. Whole mount in situ hybridization experiments showed that these pairing-dependent lncRNAs are expressed in reproductive tissues. These results show that lncRNAs are key components intervening in S. mansoni adult worm homeostasis, which affects pairing status and survival in the mammalian host, thus presenting great potential as new therapeutic target candidates.

Mitigation of nicotine-induced developmental effects by 24-epibrassinolide in zebrafish.

Nicotine is a highly addictive substance that can cause teratogenic impacts in the embryo through redox-dependent pathways. As antioxidants, naturally occurring chemicals can protect cells from redox imbalance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 24-epibrassinolide (24-EPI), a natural brassinosteroid with well-known antioxidant properties, in protecting zebrafish embryos against nicotine's teratogenic effects. For 96 h, embryos (2 h post-fertilization - hpf) were exposed to 100 µM nicotine, co-exposed with 24-EPI (0.01, 0.1, and 1 µM), and 24-EPI alone (1 µM). Lethal and sublethal developmental characteristics were evaluated during exposure. Biochemical tests were performed at the conclusion of the exposure, and distinct behavioural paradigms were analysed 24 h later. Nicotine exposure resulted in a higher proportion of larvae with deformities, which were decreased following co-exposure to 24-EPI. Nicotine exposure also caused an increase in oxidative stress as observed by the increased activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase accompanied by an increase in the malondialdehyde levels. Besides, metabolic changes were noticed as observed by the increased lactate dehydrogenase activity that were hypothesised to be associated to nicotine-induced hypoxia which may be responsible for the increased oxidative damage. In addition, locomotor deficits were observed as well as a decrease in the acetylcholinesterase activity denoting nicotine-induced cognitive dysfunction. However, co-exposure to 24-EPI alleviated behavioural deficits and improved nicotine-induced emotional states. Overall, and although further studies are required to clarify these effects, 24-EPI showed promising ameliorative properties against the teratogenic effects induced by nicotine.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Sporophila nigricollis (Aves, Passeriformes).

BACKGROUND: Sporophila nigricollis, popularly known as Yellow-bellied Seedeater, is a commonly trafficked bird in Brazil. This study describes the complete mitogenome of the species and its phylogenetic position. METHODS AND RESULTS: DNA sample was sequenced on MiSeq (Illumina®) sequencer. Reads were assembled to reference using Geneious. A total of 11,740 paired sequence reads were used to produce the complete mitochondrial DNA sequence with average coverage of 176x. The mitogenome was found to be circular in shape and consisted of 16,777 base pairs. The mitochondrial genome was annotated with MITOS and verified with ExPASy. Its structure contains two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 22 transporter RNA (tRNA) genes, 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) and one control region. Twelve of the 13 PCGs have ATG as start codon. Seven of the 13 PCGs contain a TAA stop codon. Most of the tRNA genes and PCGs are encoded on the heavy strand. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted with MEGA using the maximum likelihood method. Sporophila nigricollis grouped together with other Thraupidae species. CONCLUSION: This study presents the first complete mitogenome of Sporophila nigricollis and can be useful for research on evolution, ecology and conservation of this species.

Long non-coding RNAs are essential for Schistosoma mansoni pairing-dependent adult worm homeostasis and fertility

The trematode parasite Schistosoma mansoni causes schistosomiasis, which affects over 200 million people worldwide. Schistosomes are dioecious, with egg laying depending on the females’ obligatory pairing with males. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides with low or no protein-coding potential that have been involved in other species with reproduction, stem cell maintenance, and drug resistance. In S. mansoni, we recently showed that the knockdown of one lncRNA affects the pairing status of these parasites. Here, we re-analyzed public RNA-Seq data from paired and unpaired adult male and female worms and their gonads, obtained from mixed-sex or single-sex cercariae infections, and found thousands of differentially expressed pairing-dependent lncRNAs among the 23 biological samples that were compared. The expression levels of selected lncRNAs were validated by RT-qPCR using an in vitro unpairing model. In addition, the in vitro silencing of three selected lncRNAs showed that knockdown of these pairing-dependent lncRNAs reduced cell proliferation in adult worms and their gonads, and are essential for female vitellaria maintenance, reproduction, and/or egg development. Remarkably, in vivo silencing of each of the three selected lncRNAs significantly reduced worm burden in infected mice by 26 to 35%. Whole mount in situ hybridization experiments showed that these pairing-dependent lncRNAs are expressed in reproductive tissues. These results show that lncRNAs are key components intervening in S. mansoni adult worm homeostasis, which affects pairing status and survival in the mammalian host, thus presenting great potential as new therapeutic target candidates.

Engajamento e qualidade de vida dos graduandos de enfermagem e medicina / Compromiso y calidad de vida de estudiantes universitarios de enfermería y medicina / Nursing and medical students' engagement and quality of life

Resumo Objetivo Investigar a correlação entre o engajamento e qualidade de vida dos estudantes de graduação em enfermagem e medicina de uma universidade privada. Métodos Estudo observacional analítico, transversal, abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 219 graduandos, por meio de três questionários autoaplicáveis: um com os dados sociodemográficos; Study & Well-being Survey para avaliar o engajamento do estudante e o Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) para avaliar a qualidade de vida. Testou-se a normalidade dos dados por meio do teste de Kolmorov Smirnov e para a análise inferencial utilizou-se dentro dos padrões esperados, o teste de Correlação de Spearman entre as dimensões do engajamento e os domínios da qualidade de vida. Resultados Participaram 171 estudantes de medicina e 48 da enfermagem, 160 (73,06%) do sexo feminino e 59 (26,94%) do sexo masculino. O engajamento apresentou média de escore 3,57± 0,92 e a qualidade de vida com média maior que 50. A correlação entre engajamento e qualidade de vida foi considerada moderada entre a dimensão vigor e o domínio vitalidade (r=0,505) e saúde mental (r=0,332) e entre as dimensões dedicação(r=0,400) e absorção (r=0,313) com o domínio vitalidade. Conclusão A correlação mostrou-se fraca entre a maioria dos domínios da qualidade de vida e o engajamento dos graduandos de enfermagem e medicina.

Resumen Objetivo Investigar la correlación entre el compromiso y la calidad de vida de estudiantes de enfermería y medicina de una universidad privada. Métodos Estudio observacional analítico, transversal, con enfoque cuantitativo, realizado con 219 estudiantes universitarios, mediante tres cuestionarios autoaplicados: uno con datos sociodemográficos, el Study & Well-being Survey para evaluar el compromiso de los estudiantes y el Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) para evaluar la calidad de vida. Se probó la normalidad de los datos mediante la prueba de Kolmorov Smirnov y, para el análisis inferencial, se utilizó dentro de los estándares esperados, la prueba de correlación de Spearman entre las dimensiones del compromiso y los dominios de calidad de vida. Resultados Participaron 171 estudiantes de medicina y 48 de enfermería, 160 (73,06 %) de sexo femenino y 59 (26,94 %) de sexo masculino. El compromiso presentó un puntaje promedio de 3,57± 0,92 y la calidad de vida un promedio mayor a 50. La correlación entre el compromiso y la calidad de vida se consideró moderada entre la dimensión vigor y el dominio vitalidad (r=0,505) y salud mental (r=0,332) y entre las dimensiones dedicación (r=0,400) y absorción (r=0,313) con el dominio vitalidad. Conclusión La correlación demostró ser escasa entre la mayoría de los dominios de calidad de vida y el compromiso de los estudiantes universitarios de enfermería y medicina.

Abstract Objective To investigate the correlation between nursing and medical students' engagement and quality of life at a private college. Methods This is an observational, analytical, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, carried out with 219 undergraduate students, using three self-administered questionnaires: one with sociodemographic data; Study & Well-being Survey, to assess student engagement; and the Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), to assess quality of life. Data normality was tested using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and for inferential analysis, within expected standards, Spearman's correlation test between the engagement dimensions and the quality of life domains was used. Results A total of 171 medical students and 48 nursing students participated, 160 (73.06%) female and 59 (26.94%) male. Engagement had a mean score of 3.57 ± 0.92 and quality of life with an average greater than 50. The correlation between engagement and quality of life was considered moderate between the vigor dimension and the energy/vitality domain (r=0.505), and health mental (r=0.332) and between dedication (r=0.400) and absorption (r=0.313) dimensions with the energy/vitality domain. Conclusion The correlation was weak between most nursing and medical students' quality of life and engagement domains.

Fatores facilitadores e limitadores da atuação das enfermeiras no controle da COVID-19 na assistência ao parto / Factores facilitadores y limitantes para el papel del enfermero en el control de la COVID-19 en la atención del parto / Facilitating and limiting factors for nurses' role in controlling COVID-19 in childbirth care

Resumo Objetivo discutir os fatores facilitadores e limitadores da atuação das enfermeiras no controle da COVID-19 na assistência ao parto. Métodos estudo descritivo e qualitativo, com 20 enfermeiras obstétricas de serviços públicos do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados foram coletados de maio a julho de 2021, por entrevistas semiestruturadas, e submetidos à análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados como fatores facilitadores, têm-se: instalações físicas e recursos que proporcionam o uso individualizado; implementação de protocolos; reorganização do uso de ambientes coletivos; e preferência por cuidados que não requerem instrumentos ou a presença contínua da enfermeira. Como limitadores, apontam-se: a alta demanda assistencial; acomodações restritas e ventilação inadequada; carência de recursos; resistência ao uso de máscara; dificuldades das enfermeiras em manter o distanciamento físico nos cuidados; e incremento de práticas intervencionistas entre determinados profissionais. Conclusões e implicações para a prática serviços que passaram por adequações nos ambientes, com recursos disponíveis, corresponsabilização acerca das medidas sanitárias e onde as enfermeiras obstétricas modificaram seu processo de cuidar, apresentam melhores condições para proteger a saúde e mitigar a transmissão da COVID-19, com atenção à ambiência, humanização e aos direitos das mulheres no parto.

Resumen Objetivo discutir los factores facilitadores y limitantes de la actuación de los enfermeros en el control de la COVID-19 en la atención al parto. Métodos estudio descriptivo y cualitativo, con 20 parteras de servicios públicos del estado de Río de Janeiro. Los datos fueron recolectados de mayo a julio de 2021, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas, y sometidos a análisis de contenido temático. Resultados como factores facilitadores, se encuentran: instalaciones físicas y recursos que brindan un uso individualizado; implementación de protocolos; reorganización del uso de los entornos colectivos; y preferencia por cuidados que no requieran instrumental o la presencia continua de la enfermera. Como limitantes, se destacan: la alta demanda de atención; alojamiento restringido y ventilación inadecuada; falta de recursos; resistencia a usar mascarilla; dificultades de las enfermeras para mantener la distancia física en el cuidado; y el aumento de las prácticas intervencionistas entre determinados profesionales. Conclusiones e implicaciones para la práctica los servicios que sufrieron adaptaciones en los ambientes, con recursos disponibles, corresponsabilidad en las medidas sanitarias y donde las matronas modificaron su proceso de atención, presentan mejores condiciones para proteger la salud y mitigar la transmisión de la COVID-19, con atención al ambiente, la humanización y los derechos de la mujer durante el parto.

Abstract Objective to discuss the facilitating and limiting factors of nurses' performance in controlling COVID-19 in childbirth care. Methods a descriptive and qualitative study, with 20 nurse-midwives from public services in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Data were collected from May to July 2021, through semi-structured interviews, and submitted to thematic content analysis. Results as facilitating factors there are: physical installations and resources that provide individualized use; protocol implementation; reorganization of collective environment use; and preference for care that does not require instruments or nurses' continuous presence. As limiting factors, the following stand out: high demand for care; restricted accommodation and inadequate ventilation; lack of resources; resistance to wearing a mask; nurses' difficulty in maintaining physical distance in care; and increase in interventionist practices among certain professionals. Conclusions and implications for practice services that underwent adaptations in environments, with available resources, co-responsibility regarding sanitary measures and where nurse-midwives modified their care process, presented better conditions to protect health and mitigate COVID-19 transmission, with attention to environment, humanization and women's rights during childbirth.

Cesarianas em mulheres imigrantes segundo classificação de Robson, características maternas e adequação da assistência pré-natal / Cesarean sections in immigrant women, by Robson's classification, the mother's characteristics, and adequacy of antenatal care Cesáreas en mujeres inmigrantes según la clasificación de Robson, características maternas y adecuación de la atención prenatal / Cesáreas en mujeres inmigrantes según la clasificación de Robson, características maternas y adecuación de la atención prenatal

Objetivo: analisar a distribuição de cesáreas em imigrantes segundo classificação de Robson, características maternas e adequação da assistência pré-natal. Métodos: estudo transversal, retrospectivo com dados do Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos referentes aos partos de mulheres imigrantes ocorridos no Paraná, no período de 2014 à 2021. Banco dados acessado em 2019 com atualização em 2022. Dados analisados com auxílio da estatística descritiva e inferencial. Protocolo da pesquisa aprovado por Comitê de Ética. Resultados: dos 18.652 nascimentos analisados, 58,2% foram cesáreas, com maior chance de ocorrerem em imigrantes com até oito anos de estudo, com companheiro, pré-natal inadequado ou intermediário e classificadas nos grupos 1,3, e 4 de Robson. Os grupos 2,5,6,7,8 e 9 apresentaram-se como fator de proteção para essa via de parto. Conclusão: a cesariana foi mais frequente em imigrantes com baixa escolaridade, pré-natal inadequado ou intermediário e classificadas nos grupos 1, 3 e 4 de Robson.

Objective: to examine rates of Cesarean section in immigrant women, by Robson's classification, the mother's characteristics, and adequacy of prenatal care. Methods: this retrospective, cross-sectional study used data from the Live Births Information System on births by immigrant women in Paraná State from 2014 to 2021. The database was accessed in 2019, with an update in 2022. Data analysis was assisted by descriptive and inferential statistics. The research protocol was approved by the research ethics committee. Results: of the 18,652 births examined, 58.2% were by cesarean section, which was more likely to occur in immigrants with up to eight years of schooling, a partner, inadequate or intermediate prenatal care, and Robson group classification 1, 3, or 4. Classification in groups 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 was protective for cesarean delivery. Conclusion: cesarean delivery in immigrants was associated with schooling and marital status, adequacy of prenatal care, and classification in Robson groups.

Objetivo: analizar las tasas de cesáreas en inmigrantes según la clasificación de Robson, las características maternas y la adecuación de la atención prenatal. Métodos: estudio retrospectivo transversal que utilizó datos del Sistema de Información de Nacidos Vivos referentes a los partos en mujeres inmigrantes en el estado de Paraná de 2014 a 2021. Base de datos consultada en 2019 con actualización en 2022. Los datos se analizaron con ayuda de las estadísticas descriptiva e inferencial. El protocolo de investigación fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación. Resultados: de los 18.652 nacimientos analizados, el 58,2% fue por cesárea, con mayor probabilidad de frecuencia en inmigrantes con hasta ocho años de escolaridad, con pareja, control prenatal inadecuado o intermedio y clasificadas en los grupos 1, 3 y 4 de Robson. Los grupos 2, 5, 6, 7, 8 y 9 se presentaron como factor de protección para el parto por cesárea. Conclusión: el parto por cesárea fue más frecuente en inmigrantes con baja escolaridad, control prenatal inadecuado o intermedio y con clasificación en los grupos 1, 3 y 4 de Robson.

Bem-estar subjetivo de residentes da região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro durante a COVID-19 / Subjective well-being of residents of the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan region during COVID-19 / Bienestar subjetivo de residentes de la región metropolitana de Río de Janeiro durante el COVID-19

Objetivo: identificar o nível do bem-estar subjetivo e seus fatores associados em residentes na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Método: estudo transversal, com amostra de 143 residentes nessa região, de janeiro a maio de 2021. Os cinco itens do Índice de Bem-Estar da OMS-5 integraram o questionário eletrônico, autoadministrado. Análise pelos testes de Mann-Whitney, Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher, p-valor˂0,05. Resultados: o escore do bem-estar subjetivo da amostra foi de 51,1, sendo esse escore menor nos homens (46,04) do que nas mulheres (53,42). O bem-estar apresentou associação estatística com adoecimento pela COVID-19; residência na Baixada Fluminense; sentimentos de tédio, frustração, aborrecimento, angústia, solidão e nervosismo durante o isolamento social; e risco de exposição ao SARS-CoV-2 no transporte alternativo. Conclusão: o bem-estar subjetivo demonstrou ter sido prejudicado pela pandemia da Covid-19 e cuidados de saúde mental devem ser ampliados no sistema de saúde.

Objective: to identify the level of subjective well-being and associated factors in residents of the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan region during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: this cross-sectional study of a sample of 143 residents of the region was conducted from January to May 2021. The electronic, self-administered questionnaire comprised the five items of the WHO-5 Well-Being Index. Analysis was by Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests (p-value ˂ 0.05). Results: overall, the sample scored 51.1 in subjective well-being; men scored lower (46.04) than women (53.42). Well-being showed a statistical association with illness from COVID-19; residence in the Baixada Fluminense; feelings of boredom, frustration, annoyance, anguish, loneliness and nervousness during social isolation; and risk of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 on alternative transport. Conclusion: subjective well-being seems to have been harmed by the Covid-19 pandemic, and mental health care must be expanded in the health system.

Objetivo: identificar el nivel de bienestar subjetivo y sus factores asociados en residentes de la región metropolitana de Río de Janeiro durante la pandemia del COVID-19. Método: estudio transversal, con una muestra de 143 residentes en esta región, de enero a mayo de 2021. Los cinco ítems del Índice de Bienestar OMS-5 formaron parte del cuestionario electrónico autoadministrado. El análisis se hizo por las pruebas de Mann-Whitney, Chi-cuadrado y la prueba Exacta de Fisher, p-valor˂0.05. Resultados: la puntuación de bienestar subjetivo de la muestra fue de 51,1, siendo menor en los hombres (46,04) que en las mujeres (53,42). El bienestar mostró una asociación estadística con la enfermedad por COVID-19; residencia en Baixada Fluminense; sentimientos de aburrimiento, frustración, molestia, angustia, soledad y nerviosismo durante el aislamiento social; y riesgo de exposición al SARS-CoV-2 en transporte alternativo. Conclusión: el bienestar subjetivo parece haber sido perjudicado por la pandemia de Covid-19 y la atención a la salud mental debe ser ampliada en el sistema de salud.

Ambiente externo da mulher e sífilis congênita à luz da Teoria da Conservação de Levine / External environment of woman and congenital syphilis in the light of Levine´s Conservation Theory / Ambiente externo de la mujer y sífilis congénita a la luz de la Teoría de la Conservación de Levine

Objetivo: discutir os elementos do ambiente externo da mulher com recém-nascido portador de sífilis congênita. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, realizado entre janeiro e março de 2020, com 25 puérperas internadas em uma maternidade estadual da Baixada Fluminense do estado do Rio de Janeiro, em acompanhamento de recém-nascidos com sífilis congênita. Tratamento dos dados realizado por análise temática e discutidos à luz da Teoria da Conservação proposta por Myra Estrin Levine. Protocolo de pesquisa aprovado por Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: antes e durante a gravidez, o ambiente externo das participantes se caracteriza por baixa escolaridade, desconhecimento acerca da sífilis, violências intrafamiliar e perpetrada por parceiro íntimo, e não tratamento do homem. Conclusão: o acompanhamento pré-natal é um momento privilegiado por aproximar os profissionais das gestantes e oportunizar o reconhecimento dos elementos externos influenciadores dos desfechos maternos e fetais.

Objective: to discuss elements of the external environment of women with newborns with congenital syphilis. Method: this exploratory, qualitative, descriptive study was conducted between January and March 2020 with 25 puerperal women inpatients in follow-up of newborns with congenital syphilis at a Rio de Janeiro state maternity hospital in the Baixada Fluminense. The data were treated by thematic analysis and discussed in the light of the Conservation Theory proposed by Myra Estrin Levine. The research protocol was approved by the research ethics committee. Results: before and during pregnancy, the participants' external environment featured little education, lack of knowledge about syphilis, intra-family violence and violence perpetrated by an intimate partner, and non-treatment of men. Conclusion: antenatal care is an especially favorable setting, because it brings health personnel together with pregnant women and provides opportunities for recognizing external elements that influence maternal and fetal outcomes.

Objetivo: discutir los elementos del ambiente externo de mujeres cuyos recién nacidos tienen sífilis congénita. Método: investigación cualitativa, descriptiva y exploratoria realizada entre enero y marzo de 2020 junto a 25 puérperas hospitalizadas en una maternidad estatal de la Baixada Fluminense del estado de Rio de Janeiro que acompañaban sus recién nacidos con sífilis congénita. Los datos fueron tratados por análisis temático y discutidos a la luz de la Teoría de Conservación propuesta por Myra Estrin Levine. El protocolo de la investigación fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación. Resultados: antes y durante el embarazo, el ambiente externo de las participantes se caracteriza por baja escolaridad, desconocimiento sobre sífilis, violencia intrafamiliar y ejercida por compañero, y ausencia de tratamiento de los hombres. Conclusión: la atención prenatal es un momento privilegiado ya que acerca los profesionales a las embarazadas y permite el reconocimiento de elementos externos que influyen en los desenlaces maternos y fetales.

Compressive strength of premolars restored with ceramic crowns and supported with a glass fiber post using different luting agents.

Objective: The retention of glass fiber post (GFP) is considered a key factor for the long-term success of restorations of endodontically treated teeth. This study aimed to compare the compressive strength of a ceramic crown supported by a GFP using different luting agents. Methods: Forty single-rooted premolars were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 each): control group (teeth without a GFP), Ketac Cem group (glass ionomer), RelyX ARC group (conventional dual-curing resin), and RelyX U200 group (self-adhesive dual-curing resin). After luting of the posts and placement of all-ceramic crowns made using feldspathic porcelain (Noritake EX-3), they were exposed to thermocycling for 1000 cycles and compressive strength tests. Statistical analysis included Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's multi-comparison test. Results: The Ketac Cem group and RelyX U200 group showed significantly greater fracture resistance to compressive loading than the control group. Conclusion: This study indicates a possible role of the luting agent used with the GFP in influencing the compressive strength of the restored teeth. In this study, the self-adhesive dual-curing resin and glass ionomer both offered resistance to fractures.

Assistance process to women with severe maternal morbidity: a mixed study.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the maternal and obstetric characteristics associated with severe maternal morbidity, and the factors of the assistance process involved in the severe outcomes according to nurses and doctors. METHOD: Sequential mixed study at the tertiary maternity in the city of Rio de Janeiro, based on care records and interviews with these professionals, from February to July 2019. Chi-square test, prevalence ratio and thematic content analysis were applied. RESULTS: In 66 (100%) women with SMM, severe preeclampsia (77.3%) was more prevalent and there were 12 (18.2%) cases of near miss and one maternal death. Postpartum hemorrhage (PR = 3.21; 95% CI 1.22-8.41) and blood transfusions (PR = 3.60; 95% CI 1.81-7.16) contributed to severe outcomes. There are deficiencies in the health system, access to reproductive health and quality of care. CONCLUSION: Improvements in access to health and quality of the care process are imperative to reduce severe maternal outcomes.

Gene therapy targeting the blood-brain barrier improves neurological symptoms in a model of genetic MCT8 deficiency.

A genetic deficiency of the solute carrier monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8), termed Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome, is an important cause of X-linked intellectual and motor disability. MCT8 transports thyroid hormones across cell membranes. While thyroid hormone analogues improve peripheral changes of MCT8 deficiency, no treatment of the neurological symptoms is available so far. Therefore, we tested a gene replacement therapy in Mct8- and Oatp1c1-deficient mice as a well-established model of the disease. Here, we report that targeting brain endothelial cells for Mct8 expression by intravenously injecting the vector AAV-BR1-Mct8 increased tri-iodothyronine (T3) levels in the brain and ameliorated morphological and functional parameters associated with the disease. Importantly, the therapy resulted in a long-lasting improvement in motor coordination. Thus, the data support the concept that MCT8 mediates the transport of thyroid hormones into the brain and indicate that a readily accessible vascular target can help overcome the consequences of the severe disability associated with MCT8 deficiency.

Experimental pastes containing niobophosphate and 45S5 bioactive glasses for treatment of dentin hypersensitivity: dentin permeability and tubule obliteration.

OBJECTIVES: This study tested the ability of bioactive pastes containing niobophosphate and 45S5 glasses to reduce dentin permeability and to obliterate dentinal tubules, as a mean of reducing human dentin hypersensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Experimental pastes with concentrations of 10, 20, and 30 wt% of two bioactive glasses (45S5 or niobophosphate [NbG]) were formulated. A paste without bioactive glass (placebo) and a commercial paste (Nano P, FGM) were used as controls. Forty dentin disc specimens were obtained from caries-free extracted third human molars and divided in 8 groups (n = 5). Percentage of permeability (%Lp) was assessed in a dental permeability machine considering hydraulic conductance, immediately after pastes application and at day 7, day 14, and day 21. The precipitates formed on the surface of the dentin discs (and dentinal tubules) were analyzed by SEM/EDS and micro-Raman spectra. Data of dentin permeability (%) 2-way repeated-measures (ANOVA) and Holm-Sidak post-tests (α = 0.05). Dentinal tubule obliteration was visually (and elemental) evaluated and descriptively reported. RESULTS: The experimental bioactive glass pastes containing NbG and 45S5, regardless of the concentration, reduced dentin permeability in comparison with pastes without bioactive glasses (P < 0.05). The formulated placebo and commercial paste did not reduce permeability over time (P < 0.05). SEM/EDS and micro-Raman analyses showed that both type of bioactive pastes (NbG or 45S5-based) presented mineral precipitates obliterating the dentinal tubules at day 21. NbG seems to offer a better initial effect than 45S5, while at 21 days there is no difference between both glasses. CONCLUSION: Experimental bioactive pastes containing NbG and 45S5 (at concentrations of 10%, 20%, or 30%) have potential to reduce dentin permeability (over time) in comparison with pastes without bioactive glasses; and this occurs on behalf of obliteration of dentinal tubules by microparticle and precipitate formation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Bioactive pastes containing NbG and 45S5 may benefit patients presenting dentin hypersensitivity, because these pastes can start acting fast after application and maintain their action up to 21 days.